squamous cell carcinoma | What are squamous epithelial cells?

What are squamous epithelial cells?

Epithelial cells are the building blocks of epithelial tissue, which form large leaves that cover the entire outer surface of the body and help shape the skin. Squamous epithelial cells are thin and flat. These cells look like fish scales. Single squamous cells are arranged in one layer, while stratified squamous epithelial cells are laid out in two or more layers.

Single or laminated
Simple squamous epithelial cells are available in a single layer. Because the fabric they form is so thin, it is usually found in areas that need a thin membrane to allow the transport of nutrients or waste, diffusion or filtration. A stratified squamous epithelial tissue is formed when the cells arrange in two or more layers. These are the most common type of epithelium and are less likely to be damaged because they are thicker and stronger.

Location
Simple squamous epithelial cells are found in the walls of capillaries, in aerial sacs, or alveoli, lungs, and kidneys. Stratified epithelial cells are located on the outer layer of the skin and they also have all the openings of the body.

Function
Simple squamous epithelial cells perform some vital functions for the human body. In capillaries, they allow the exchange of oxygen, nutrients and waste. The cells that are in the lungs allow diffusion or transport, oxygen and carbon dioxide. This is an essential part of the traffic. The squamous cells found in the kidneys work to filter the water and electrolytes.

Cancers of
Most cancers are cancers of epithelial cells, also called carcinoma. As the squamous epithelium is found in most organs and through the skin, there is potential to be affected in several areas. Squamous carcinoma is the second most common type of skin cancer and it is generally treatable.

Dangerous exposure
Since squamous carcinoma is so common, it is important to know what can cause the disease. Exposure to the sun is a risk in all skin cancers. Exposure to radiation, either environmental or therapeutic, is also a factor contributing to many cases of squamous cell carcinoma. An immune system that is not in superior walking order can also contribute to this disease. People with clear skin are more prone to squamous carcinoma and all should limit their exposure to potential risks.